The history of many countries’ early days shows that geological exploration is not attributed to expenses. It is the most profitable investment ever made, often on a geopolitical scale. The problem of deep horizons in modern hydrocarbon exploration strategy becomes paramount. In the future, this will affect natural hydrogen, hydromineral, and hydrothermal resources, and the use of the Earth’s dry heat. The unique Caspian Sea sedimentary basin, which Kazakhstan is studying as part of the Eurasia Ultra-Deep Drilling Project, has become a testing ground for addressing this problem at the initiative of Russian geologists. Geologists from the region report on their findings at annual meetings of the Intergovernmental Council. The Caspian Petroleum Province is the most promising area in the European part of Russia. It is located in favorable environmental conditions, in close to proximity to oil refineries – the main consumers of raw hydrocarbons – and export terminals. The region possesses a developed infrastructure, highly qualified human and scientific potential. The region has a high potential for large commercial hydrocarbon accumulation discovery. This article aims at drawing attention of subsoil user companies and scientific organizations to this important problem, as well as strengthening the position of Russian geologists in deep geological and geophysical studies of the stratisphere.

Yurii A. Volozh ORCiD 
Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences,
Senior Research Officer
Geological Institute of the RAS,
7, bld. 1., Pyzhevsky lane, Moscow, 119017, Russia
e-mail: yvolozh@yandex.ru

Pavel N. Mel’nikov ORCiD  Scopus
Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences,
Director General
All-Russian Research
Geological Oil Institute,
36, Shosse Entuziastov, Moscow, 105118, Russia
e-mail: melnikov@vnigni.ru

Nikolai V. Miletenko
Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences,
Professor, Advisor to Director
Russian Geological
Research Institute,
74, Sredny pr., St. Petersburg, 199106, Russia
e-mail: nvmilet@yandex.ru

Igor V. Oreshkin
Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, Professor,
Head of Group
Saratov Branch
of the All-Russian Research
Geological Oil Institute,
28, Universitetskaya ul., Saratov, 410012, Russia
e-mail: oreshkiniv@yandex.ru

Evgenii I. Petrov
Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences,
Head of Rosnedra
Federal Agency for Mineral Resources (Rosnedra),
4/6, ul. B. Gruzinskaya, Moscow, 125993, Russia
e-mail: epetrov@rosnedra.gov.ru

Sergei Ph. Khafizov ORCiD  Scopus
Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, Professor,
Head of Department
Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas
65, Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, 119991, Russia
e-mail: khafizov@gubkin.ru

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